读后续写微技能积累 —你会“说”吗？
在写作中，我们常常会用到直接引语，有些同学只会说：she says,"..."; The man said,"..."。其实，“说”在很多不同情况下都有更加明确的说法，除了say, 还有许多动词能更加确切地表达文章的意思，情感和情境，不只单纯的陈述谁说了什么。
01
可以替换say的动词
1. How a person speaks
1) say 说
"I'm so tired," she said.
"Don't cry," he said softly.
"Don't believe anything," he says.
"I didn't know what I was doing," she said, laughing at the memory.
"Welcome," she said.
2) shout 高喊；大声喊叫
"Watch out!" she shouted, as the car started to move.
3) cry 喊叫，大声说
"Stop!" she cried
"Goodbye then!" he cried to her.
4) yell 叫喊(因激动，恐惧)
"Help me!" she yelled hysterically.
I yelled out, "Here I am!"
5) call 喊，叫
"I'm coming!" she called.
"Hello, Lao Li," he called.
6) smile 微笑着说
"It's good to have you back," she smiled.
7) laugh 笑着说
"You look ridiculous!" Nick laughed.
8) whisper 悄声说； 低语道
"I've missed you," he whispered in her ear.
9) beg 恳求
"Please don't leave me," he begged.
10) scream 惊呼，高声叫道
"Get out!" she screamed.
"Mary, I love you!" he screamed out.
11) promise 承诺道
"I'll be back by 10:00," Mum promised.
12) argue 主张
"We'd better go there by train," he argued.
13) emphasize=stress 强调
"You need more practice," the teacher emphasized.
14) sob 呜咽着说
"It's too late," she sobbed.
15) warn 警告
"Be careful, the rocks are slippery," Alex warned.
16) think 想，想道
"How strange!" he thought.
"I don't care!" she thought to herself.
"Nothing could be better," he thought.
2. Why a person speaks
1) tell 告诉
"We are going to have a class meeting tomorrow," she told me.
2) ask 问
"What's your name?" she asked.
3) add 补充道
"And I don't care what you think," she added.
4) explain 解释道；辩解道
"My mother was ill, and I had to send her to the hospital," he explained.
5) admit 承认
"Okay, so maybe I was a little bit scared," Jenny admitted.
6) agree 同意
"It's an excellent idea," she agreed.
7) reply=respond 答复, 回答
"Did you see Simon today?"
"Of course," Nancy replied with a smile.
8) advise 劝告，建议
"Make sure that you keep it in a safe place," the boss advised him.
9) suggest 建议
"Why don't you come with us?" Alan suggested.
10) answer 回答
"Why don't you just leave?"
"I'd like to," she answered, "but I have nowhere else to go."
11) praise 称赞
"Well done!" the teacher praised.
12) complain 抱怨
"You never ask my opinion about anything," Rod complained.
13) demand 质问
"Why didn't you call me?", she demanded.
14) declare 宣称，声称
"It's not fair," Jane declared.
15) remark 评论道
"The house must be very old," he remarked.
02
直接引语的结构
1. "....," sb(主语是代/名词) said (to sb).
2. "....," said sb(主语是名词).
3. Sb said (to sb), "..."
注：这里的said可用其他动词替换。
03
间接引语的结构
1)后接陈述句
主语+ say/ says/ said (to sb) /tell/ tells/ told sb +that 从句
2)后接一般疑问句结构
主语+ask/ asks/asked (sb)/wondered + whether/if 主+谓…
3)后接特殊疑问句结构
主语+ asked(sb)/wondered+ 疑问词+（主）+谓…
4)表示(请求)---asked/ begged /requested sb (not) to do sth
表示(命令)---told /ordered / command/warned sb to do sth
表示(建议)---suggest doing sth/ advise sb (not) to do sth
5) 后接感叹句----sb said +感叹句
